The #standard-deviation is a measure of how dispersed the data is in relation to the mean. Low standard deviation values indicates the data is clustered around the mean, and high standard deviation indicates the data is more spread out. $ \begin{align*} σ = \sqrt \frac{\sum (x_i - \mu)^2}{N} \\ \\ σ = \text{population standard deviation} \\ N = \text{the size of the population} \\ x_i = \text{each value from the population} \\ \mu = \text{the population mean} \\ \overline x = \text{the sample mean, which would replace μ if done on a sample } \end{align*} $ ![[std-dev.png]]